The fresh OLS estimates on subsample have line to the full take to rates presented into the Table dos

We estimate Eq. (1) by replacing D_ij (B_ij) with three different sets of dowry and bride price paid to others (i.e., \( \overlinej>> \) and \( \overlinej>> \) , \( \overline> \) and \( \overline> \) , or the community-based dowry and bride price), and three sets of reduced-form estimation results are presented in Table 4. Each panel presents estimation results of a reduced-form regression with a different set of dowry and bride price paid to others. To be comparable with Panel A, the OLS estimation results with women who have at least one brother and one sister are presented in Appendix Table 8. The reduced-form estimation results support the main OLS estimation results shown in Table 2. That is, women enjoy higher status in the ily that tends to exchange higher dowries and when they come from a higher-dowry village, whereas a larger bride price is negatively associated with these same traits. Here, the amount of bride price paid to the wife’s sisters by their in-laws is significantly negatively associated with the wife’s autonomy. The third set, i.e., the community-based dowry and bride price, does not show any significant association with women’s status. This is likely because relatively weaker association between the community-based dowry (bride price) and the personal dowry (bride price) that the bride receives from her parents (in-laws) than other two sets. The estimates for other coefficients are not inconsistent with those shown in Table 2 and are available upon request.

Table cuatro Organization ranging from dowry/bride rate (paid off by inside the-laws and regulations out of siblings, someone else in the town and you can people) and you may wife’s updates regarding the marital family (OLS)

4.3 Discussion and you will robustness monitors

Inside determining the newest ladies reputation in the marital home, the end result of your internet dowry (dowry without bride rates) may count. Note that the degree of deferred mehr is roofed alone regarding the net dowry as former is never reduced except if separation happen and cannot meet why Wuhan women date white men the requirements assets put on the relationship. The results recommend that new property lead for the ount) enhance their decision-making strength and you may independency. These types of confident connectivity are not stunning due to the fact the brand new associations off bride to be rate reduced during the time of wedding run counter to help you that from dowry in the main estimations.

Maybe, an elevated decades or knowledge change you are going to deteriorate the brand new wife’s reputation regarding relationship home. And decades differences including degree distinction (replacement the fresh new husband’s years and you may education) will not change the main outcomes, together with coefficients of them variables are not significant (Appendix Desk nine, Panel B).

The brand new estimate processes is actually repeated of the replacement dowry and you can bride to be price with websites dowry (Appendix Table 9, Committee A good)

One you are going to believe the amount of age once the relationships is actually important because the outcome from dowry (or bride to be price) will be better appropriate matrimony. Plus ages as ount out-of dowry (substitution woman’s years at marriage) magnifies the beds base effect of dowry inside ladies autonomy but decreases their magnitude therefore the benefits height within the women’s decision-making (Appendix Desk nine, Committee C). What this means is one to a bigger dowry boosts the wife’s self-reliance in the brand new relationship home once wedding; however, the newest relationship isn’t somewhat affected by brand new passage of age while the matrimony.

Zero way of measuring gender ideology is included in the primary quote because of endogeneity questions. One to you will argue that inclusion of such procedures could possibly get weaken new organization anywhere between dowry and you will ladies’ condition from the marital domestic. While we cannot reject the chance that preferences and you will ideological thinking towards gender affairs aren’t inherent and alter along the marital life, the new estimation process is actually frequent by and additionally a few measures having young man preference: the first varying means you to definitely in the event that wife’s better number of sons is greater than regarding daughters plus the second translates to that if spouse would like to promote advanced schooling so you can sons unlike so you can daughters. Managing to possess gender ideology doesn’t significantly affect the fundamental estimate results (Appendix Desk nine, Committee D). Interestingly, ladies decision making is actually surely from the child taste. But not, it’s negatively from the liking having getting advanced schooling to help you sons as compared with daughters. A possible interpretation is that very educated feminine could be up against gender inequality during the education and get significantly more energized regarding the relationship domestic however, like that have significantly more sons than just daughters. That it appears consistent with particular existing studies indicating you to son preference is much more prevalent certainly one of very knowledgeable feminine rather than uneducated female within the Southern China (Das Gupta 1987; Muhuri and you may Preston 1991).